Clinical presentations of urolithiasis: a prospective study in Referral Centre

Background: Urinary calculi are commonly diagnosed as a consequence of an episode of renalureteral colic or gross hematuria. Clinical manifestations are characterized by lumbar pain of sudden onset that may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, gross or microscopic hematuria. Objectives: To study clinical trends of urolithiais in the rural population. Material and methods: The present prospective randomized study was conducted on 80 patients with clinically and radiologicaly suspected cases with urinary calculi in the department of Surgery, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research MullanaAmbala during the period of two years (Oct 2010Sep 2012). All the cases with urinary calculi were admitted. Detailed history including present complaints were taken. General physical examination as well as systemic examination was done in all the cases. Investigations including routine as well as special investigations were performed and all the cases were managed according to preset proforma. All the data obtained was recorded and analysed according to the preset proforma. Results: Majority of patients in present study were admitted with the complaint of pain (96.3%), burning micturition (85%) and fever (77.5%). 30% patients had gross haematuria and around 11.25% of patients were admitted as acute retention of urine. All patients in present study when physically examined had shown the tenderness of varying severity according to the location and site of the Urinary calculi. In majority (41.3%) tenderness was present in Rt flank/ iliac fossa. Suprapubic tenderness was present in only 12.5% of cases. Conclusion: These patients mostly present with acute episodes of pain and burning micturition. Haematuria is less common way of presentation here. This study was an attempt to highlight the prevalence of urolithiasis in this belt and warrants the more exhaustive research in this regards.